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Trans-Saharan trade requires travel across the Sahara between sub-Saharan Africa and North Africa. While existing from prehistoric times, the peak of trade extended from the 8th century until the early 17th century. The Sahara once had a very different environment. In Libya and Algeria, from at least 7000 BC, there was pastoralism, the herding of sheep, goats, large settlements, and pottery. Cattle were introduced to the Central Sahara (Ahaggar) from 4000 to 3500 BC. Remarkable rock paintings (dated 3500 to 2500 BC), in places which are currently very dry, portray vegetation, and animal presence rather different from modern expectations.[1]
As a desert, Sahara is now a hostile expanse that separates the Mediterranean economy from the economy of the Niger basin. As Fernand Braudel points out that crossing such a zone (especially without mechanized transport) is worthwhile only when exceptional circumstances cause the expected gain to outweigh the cost and danger.[2]
Trade, beginning around 300 CE, [3] was conducted by caravans of camels. According to Ibn Battuta, the explorer who accompanied one of the caravans, the average size per caravan was 1,000 camels; some caravans were as large as 12,000.[4][5] The caravans would be guided by highly paid Berbers who knew the desert and could ensure safe passage from their fellow desert nomads. The survival of a caravan was precarious and would rely on careful coordination. Runners would be sent ahead to oases so that water could be shipped out to the caravan when it was still several days away, as the caravans could not easily carry enough with them to make the full journey. In the middle of the 14th century Ibn Battuta crossed the desert from Sijilmasa via the salt mines at Taghaza to the oasis of Oualata. A guide was sent ahead and water was brought on a journey of four days from Oualata to meet the caravan.[6]
Explanation:
hope this help plese mark branlest
Answer:
Lacks died on August 8, 1951, of metastatic cervical cancer. Her tissue cells, however, attained immortality as HeLa, a cell strain that has been in constant use since 1951. These cells were remarkable in their ability to live and reproduce indefinitely, unlike typical cell lines that would last a few weeks, at best.
Explanation:
She was a sophisticated women and very well known to a lot of people because she was nice and was helpful to those around her.
c. im from there so its c and eather or a
The correct option is D
New Deal is the name given by the president of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt to his interventionist policy put in place to fight against the effects of the Great Depression in the United States. This program was developed between 1933 and 1938 with the objective of supporting the poorest layers of the population, reforming financial markets and revitalizing a wounded American economy since the crash of 1929 due to unemployment and bankruptcies.
In spite of everything, the New Deal did not return the prosperity of the 1920s, and in 1941, six million Americans were still waiting for a job. Full employment was not achieved before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, because just the entry of the United States into the war against the Axis generated a great stimulus for the heavy industry of the United States, one of the most extensive and diversified in the world, to be launched. to participate in the own effort of the war economy; the recruitment of troops and the demand of workers in the factories caused a revitalization of the economy that gradually reduced the number of unemployed.
