<h2>The nine roles of the president are as follows:</h2>
Explanation:
- Chief of State
- Symbolic head of the country
- Chief Executive
- Executes the laws, appoints main federal officials, permits pardons and reprieves.
- Chief Economist
- Tries to influence the country
- Chief Diplomat
- Meets and negotiates with Foreign leaders
- Commander in Chief
- In charge of the US Army
, Runs and maintains the armed forces.
- Chief Legislator
- reviews each bill, sign it to make law or veto it, introduces legislation and works with Congress on the budget.
- Chief of Party
- helps the candidates of his or her political party to get elected or appointed to office.
- Chief Citizen: Represent the public and works for the public interests.
- Chief Administrator: In-charge of the executive branch of the federal government.
In the <em>Lochner v. New York</em> case of 1905, the Supreme Court ruled that states could not <u>impose limits on the number of hours that employees could work.</u>
Further details:
A law passed in 1895 in the state of New York mandated that bakery employees could not work more than 10 hours a day and not more than 60 hours in a week. A bakery owner named Joseph Lochner filed suit against the state, claiming the law was unconstitutional. At the time, the Supreme Court decision was based on the idea that such laws violated an employee's "freedom of contract." The majority of justices saw such a right implicit in the due process clause of the 14th Amendment, thinking that if employees agreed to work a heavy number of hours it was their right to do so.
In the time since the Lochner case, the Supreme Court has gone in the other direction, allowing laws that impose reasonable restrictions on businesses. An example would be <em>West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish </em>(1937), which upheld the constitutionality of a minimum wage law passed in Washington state.
African Americans couldn't vote, despite the 14th amendment.
Answer:
Torture and deception I believe.
(for the mods that are going to delete this answer: i did not provide explanation because the answer is self explanatory)
(pls no delete)