The answer is A since they did show how mathematics and measurement could be used in scientific investigation
The main reason was that the Ottoman empire was in very slow decline during these years; when other major European powers were starting to industrialize themselves. Because the Ottoman Empire couldn't keep up ,they suffered the consequences in the form of a later period of industrialization.
I think the last one is correct because Robert created ways trough Missouri River to get faster to the ocean
I think you're asking whom he lost to, in that case it was Woodrow Wilson
