The US removed Taliban from power because the Taliban was protecting Osama bin Ladin, the instigator of the attack of Sept. 11, 2001, with the destruction of the twin towers, the pentagon, and 4 aircrafts. With the Taliban not handing over the instigators, the US declared war and defeated the majority of Taliban during that time.
Parties didn't emerge until the late eighteenth century but there was the Anti-Federalist party which later led to the Democrat-Republican party. They sided with Jefferson's ideals of limited federal power and an agrarian society.