Sparta was mainly run by group of 5 elected elders called the ephors they had most of power to make law and did most of the running of the city .
Athens :the power to make law belong to the assembly a hall where all citizens could vote
The Columbian Exchange also had positive and negative effects. The positive side was the exchange of technology in agriculture, for example, which increased crop yields and food production in favor of Native Americans and in favor of Europeans. One of the negative effects was certainly the appearance of many diseases that Europeans transferred to the American continent. Native Americans first faced such illnesses, were non-resistant to them, and many of them died.
The correct answer according to the options offered is: A.
The correct answer is "the tie that bound her to Spain has been severed". The "tie" refers to the colonial rule and "her" refers to America. To put in other words, Bolívar says in that sentence that the colonial rule of Spain over America is over.
With "kept the parts of that immense monarchy together", Bolívar is refering that only the concept of colonialism held the Spanish Empire together, but no one on the American continent felt bounded with the Spanish mainland.
The sentence "inspired in us is greater than the ocean between us" refers to the fact that America and Spain are so far from each other (there is literally an ocean between them), so there is little connection between the two. In this sentence he also says that the hate of the Spanish towards the Americans is bigger than the ocean between Spain and America.
