Igneous rocks are defined as formations made from solidified lava or magma.
When lava or hot Magma reaches the surface of the earth or a water body it quickly cools down and changes it's from from a hot liquid to a solid rock.
The chemical composition of Igenous rocks can vary depending on their location, cooling time etc.
However, most Igenous rocks contain some or all of the following minerals:
1. Quartz
2. Micas
3. Amphiboles
4. Olivines
5. Pyroxenes
6. Feldspathoids
7. Feldspars
<span>A mantle plume is an upwelling of abnormally hot rock within the Earth's mantle. As the heads of mantle plumes can partly melt when they reach shallow depths, they are thought to be the cause of volcanic centers known as hotspots and probably also to have caused flood basalts.
Found this on ScienceDaily.com</span><span>
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There is no water to evaporate in desert areas, so water does not rise and form clouds. If you go to the desert, you will rarely find clouds. Therefore, there is no rain, snow or other precipitation in the desert. There is little water circulation in the desert, which affects landscape design.
In tropical regions, the role of rain forests in the water cycle is to add water to the atmosphere through transpiration processes (where plants drain water from their leaves during photosynthesis). In the Amazon, 50-80% of water remains in the ecosystem's hydro logical cycle.
Know more about water cycle here
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B. Washington DC(short for Districtof Colombia).
Explanation:
Here is the explanation about these layers.
Limestone: This rock is formed from sediments that gather on the river floor over time & Limestone is mostly found in rivers, caves, etc. This resource is made from natural activity, for example, sediments travelling through the river & the water causing it to settle.
Banded-iron formations: This rock, or resource, is thought to be made in the seawater millions of years ago and is the result of oxygen production from a particular type of photosynthetic cyanobacteria. The oxygen, combined with dissolved iron makes this resource.
A metamorphic rock with fine grains: I cannot explain how this rock is made from, please find someone who can.
Red Beds: "Red beds may form during diagenesis. The key to this mechanism is the intrastriatal alteration of ferromagnesian silicates by oxygenated groundwaters during burial. " - Wikipedia
Chert Layers: Chert can form when microcrystals of silicon dioxide grow within soft sediments that will become limestone or chalk.
I hope this has helped you to learn about these rocks.
