The Berlin Conference of 1884–1885 marked the climax of the European competition for territory in Africa, a process commonly known as the Scramble for Africa. During the 1870's and early 1880's European nations such as Great Britain, France, and Germany began looking to Africa for natural resources for their growing industrial sectors as well as a potential market for the goods these factories produced. As a result, these governments sought to safeguard their commercial interests in Africa and began sending scouts to the continent to secure treaties from indigenous peoples or their supposed representatives. Similarly, Belgium’s King Leopold II, who aspired to increase his personal wealth by acquiring African territory, hired agents to lay claim to vast tracts of land in central Africa. To protect Germany’s commercial interests, German Chancellor Otto Von Bismarck, who was otherwise uninterested in Africa, felt compelled to stake claims to African land.
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Renovating an existing building can often be more cost effective and sustainable up front. However, what seems like a more affordable option might not always be the best choice when weighed against long-term goals or other factors. For example: possible system upgrades, the cost- long term and short term, the location, the building history and structural integrity, the intended use of the building and the potential hazardous materials.
Building from scratch might be the more costly option, but it comes with several benefits and can be less restrictive than renovating. These include: environmental sustainability, modern technology, more options, more efficient layout and less maintenance, and partial deconstruction.
There is no one correct answer and the decision will heavily depend on the circumstances. Every situation will have different challenges.
