Plants’ nonspecific immune responses includes cell-surface receptors (pattern recognition proteins) which allow them to identify certain patterns characteristic for pathogens. Activated receptors trigger the production of chemical signals that may initiate both local and systemic defense responses. Sometimes when a plant is affected by infection, it triggers rapid localized programmed cell death to stop the infection further. When it comes to defense form the herbivores, plants have physical barriers (plant cell walls and their extensions), some antibiotic compounds (phytoalexins), and even enzymes that can defend them.
Answer:
El proceso de la fotosíntesis se divide en dos etapas, la primera llamada "Lumínica" o fotodependiente y la segunda "Oscura" o fotoindependiente.
Explanation:
C. Since they have to gain that skill.
Answer:
mass and distance
Explanation:
As the two objects get further away, the distance between them increase and the strength of the gravitational force decreases. If the distances decreases, the force will increase. The bigger the object, the greater the force.
