Answer:
Instead of physically trapping drugs into vesicles, amphiphilic phospholipids in pharmacosomes are complexed with drugs via hydrogen bonds between active hydrogens and phospholipids. The drug molecule bearing an active hydrogen atom (-COOH, -OH, -NH2 etc.) can be converted to an ester with the hydroxyl moiety of the lipid, resulting in an amphiphilic complex that aids membrane, tissue, or cell wall transfer. The drug-lipid complex exists as a monomer at low concentrations, but a variety of structures (e.g. micelles, colloidal or hexagonal shape) might develop when the concentration increases. Eventually, the conjugated drug will be released from pharmacosomes upon chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis. Compared to other liposomal drug delivery systems, pharmacosomes have advantages such as minimized drug degradation and increased drug bioavailability. For example, limitations in transfersomes such as predisposition to oxidative degradation and impurity of natural phospholipids can be overcome by pharmacosomes. Besides, other advantages are also beneficial in various research:
No drug leakage due to the covalently link.
High entrapment efficiency.
Suitable for both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs.
Improved bioavailability especially in case of poorly soluble drugs.
No need to remove unentrapped drugs from the formulation as needed in case of liposomes.
Reduction in adverse effects, toxicity, and the cost of therapy.
Avoid drug incorporation in the body of the patient.
Membrane fluidity does not affect drug release.
Explanation:
https://www.creative-biostructure.com/Pharmacosomes-Production-615.htm