Question

Finch species living on the Galapagos Islands exhibit a variety of beak types that favor different foods. Finches that eat seeds and plant parts have beaks of the shorter, thicker variety, while finches that eat insects and other small organisms have thin, pointed beaks. 78% of the finches on an island in the Galapagos have beaks that are identical to Finch 1. What does this tell you about the availability of food for the finches on this island?

Answer 1

This means that a greater part of the island have seeds and plant parts that need shorter, thicker beaks

Answer 2

The high percentage of finches with shorter and thicker beaks suggests that on the Galapagos Islands the most available and most abundant food source are the seeds and the plants.

Because there are large variety of plants on the islands, and they are also consisted of thick vegetation, not sparsely distributed, most of the finches evolved to feed on the plant parts and on the seeds from those plants, thus the development of short and thick beak.

The insects and and other small organisms are not as abundant on the islands, so there's only enough food for smaller number of finches, thus the lesser percentage of finches with beaks that are pointed and thin.