The correct answer to this open question is the following.
Although there are no options attached, we can say the following.
Was the first crusade successful?
Well, it all depends on which side we are talking about. If we are talking about the crusader's side, it was a success. Then, obviously, it was not for the Muslim side.
The first crusade was fought from 1096 to 1099. On July 14, 1099, after three years of intense combats, teh Crusaders finally captured the important city of Jerusalem, defeating the Muslim troops. After some research, some historians say that the Muslim army was not in the best shape because the Turks were already weak from fighting themselves.
<u>Answer: It began with Portuguese merchants buying slaves from the king of Benin.</u>
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Explanation: African slaves prior to 1441 were predominately Berbers and Arabs from the North African Barbary coast, known as ‘Moors” to the Iberian. They were typically enslaved during wars and conquests between Christian and Islamic kingdoms. The first expeditions of Sub-Saharan Africa were sent out by Prince Infante D. Henrique, known commonly today as Henry the Navigator, with the intent to probe how far the kingdoms of the Moors and their power reached. The expeditions sent by Henry came back with African slaves as a way to compensate for the expenses of their voyages. The enslavement of Africans was seen as a military campaign because the people that the Portuguese encountered were identified as Moorish and thus associated with Islam. The royal chronicler Gomes Eanes de Zurara was never decided on the “Moorishness” of the slaves brought back from Africa, due to a seeming lack of contact with Islam. Slavery in Portugal and the number of slaves expanded after the Portuguese began exploration of Sub-Saharan Africa.
Extra explanation: Explanation above is official recognized but there are a lot of evidence that slave trade started even 2nd century BC by the Roman Portugal and it proceded to: Visigothic and Suebi kingdoms, Islamic Iberia, and Reconquista. But she certainly didn't start with Portuguese merchants buying slaves from the king of Benin.
Hideki Tojo was a prominent Japanese soldier, who became prime minister of Japan during World War II, between 1941 and 1944. He held other important positions as Minister of War (1940-1944), Minister of Foreign Affairs (1942), Minister of Education (1942) or Chief of the Army Staff (1944).
He was the intellectual architect of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, which eventually led to the war against China and, later, the Second World War. Tojo had a charismatic personality and of great preponderance in the Japanese Army. During World War II, while he was prime minister, numerous war crimes, such as the execution of prisoners or even the use of chemical and biological weapons, were executed in the Japanese-occupied territories. In metropolitan Japan itself, the military police and other security forces turned the country into a real police state, while political life was reduced around the para-fascist movement Taisei Yokusankai, or the Imperial Regime Support Association . As a result of the cascade of military defeats that followed one another from 1942 and 1943, Tojo was forced to resign from all positions in July 1944.
After the end of the war, despite a failed attempt to kill himself, he was arrested by the American authorities. He was tried in the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, which sentenced him to death, being hanged on December 23, 1948.
A claim about history is most likely not valid if it has "abject bias", since this implies that the person making the claim is speaking more from a personal agenda than from a place of pragmatic reason.
