Answer:
It is that first sentance because it describes how it looks.
Explanation:
(The claim states that) Headphones should be modified for a safe volume level to protect hearing. (Some may disagree because) People would like to hear large amounts of volume, that may damage their ears. They may be destined for free-will, and choose to live their life the way they want. So what if manufacturers choose this way of making headphones, they may see some sales drop as many people don't actually care how loud things are.
Answer:
The answer here is C, invasion from another country.
Explanation:
Based on the historical context and with Germany on the rise, British people in the late 19th century were probably worried about Germany invading their home country. This would make a popular science fiction story for authors to write about at the time, especially if the public was so scared of it at the time.