A donor offspring is the donation of sperm
Answer: 2 electrons
Explanation:
The inner shell (1st shell) can hold 2 electrons, the next shell can hold 8 electrons and the third shell can hold 18 electrons.
Depending on what trait the alleles carry, the brothers will have a different phenotype and a different genotype.
For example; Eye color. My sister is heterozygous, meaning she has brown eyes. I am homozygous recessive, meaning I have blue(green/hazel) eyes. We both have the same parents, I just happened to inherit both of the recessive eye color alleles from my parents whereas, my sister inherited both the dominant and recessive alleles.
So, since the brothers inherited different sets of alleles, their genotype for a certain trait will be different.
Acetylcholine broken down is the process by which this neurotransmitter activates a suitable ligand-receptor to trigger a cell signaling pathway.
<h3>What is Acetylcholine?</h3>
Acetylcholine is a chemical messenger (i.e., a neurotransmitter) that is used to transmit signals inside the body.
Acetylcholine broken down is due to its hydrolysis, which ends cell signaling between brain synapses.
In conclusion, Acetylcholine broken down is the process by which this neurotransmitter activates a suitable ligand-receptor to trigger a cell signaling pathway.
Learn more about Acetylcholine signaling here:
brainly.com/question/13993931
#SPJ12
Insect herbivory is likely to affect the competitive relationship between the species in that a plant affected by these insects will have a hard time competing with those who are unbothered by the insects.
<em>Although I could not locate the Graph or options for this question online, I can offer a general assessment to help you answer the question.</em>
<em />
<em />
Insect herbivory is when insects consume plants or parts of a plant as their main food source. Interestingly, this term also applies to those insects who do not harm the plant, but consume the pollen, etc.
However, focusing on harmful insect herbivory, we can assume that in the presence of these insects a plant will have a hard time staying alive or mating effectively due to the damage caused. Therefore, we can assume that <u>the </u><u>plant </u><u>on the </u><u>left </u><u>will not be able to stay </u><u>competitive</u>.
To learn more visit:
brainly.com/question/2403443?referrer=searchResults
