D.To reduce the negative effects of economic collectivization
The New Economic Policy was a roll back on socialist policy to protect the collective policies.
Centralizing the economy was beginning to impact the USSR economy negatively. To protect the power of the party and the progress already made, Lenin allowed for some capitalistic policies to vitalize the economy. Agriculture and small business were returned to private ownership while larger industries remained collectivized.
John Adams was the one who passed the Alien and Sedition Acts which punishes those who opposed the federal policies. However, Thomas Jefferson felt that these acts defy both the Constitution and the Bill of Rights. So he proposed the Nullification doctrine which states that if the federal government passed an unconstitutional law, the states are not required to follow it.
