Answer:
There were two different approaches to Reconstruction. Presidential Reconstruction was the approach that promoted more leniency towards the South regarding plans for readmission to the Union. Congressional Reconstruction blamed the South and wanted retribution for causing the Civil War.
Benjamin Franklin's "Join or Die" cartoon was effective, in my opinion, as it drew on a popular belief at the time, about a sliced snake that would come revive if its parts were put together during the night; on the other hand, the symbolical image of the split and sliced America under foreign influence was widely intelligible. The initials of the states helped the viewer identify the parts. The message was clear - if those regions don't unite as soon as possible, they will stay dead forever.
In August 1862, Union General Halleck's alternate plan to defeat Lee's Confederate troops was to advance on Lee from two directions, Washington and the peninsula.
