What is the ABO blood classification based on? C

1 answer:

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Q1. The answer is C. antigen on the red blood cell
The ABO blood classification is based on the presence or absence of the antigens on the surface of the red blood cells. Thus, individuals with blood group A have the A antigen on the surface of the red blood cells and individuals with blood group B have the B antigen on the surface of the red blood cells. Individuals with blood group AB have both A and B antigens on the surface of the red blood cells while individuals with blood group O have neither A nor B antigens on the surface of the red blood cells.

Q2. The answer is B. transportation of oxygen
Sickle cell anemia is inherited disease characterized by sickle hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is the protein in the red blood cells responsible for the transportation of oxygen through the blood. Normal red blood cells are disk-shaped and easily move through the blood. Cells with sickle hemoglobin are in the shape of sickle and sticky so they stick together and cannot easily move through the blood. Thus, in the sickle cell anemia, transportation of oxygen is affected.

Q3. The answer is D. Platelets act like a temporary plug to prevent the further loss of blood.
Platelets are the smallest and the lightest blood cells so they are usually moving through the blood along the walls of the blood vessels. When cuts occur and endothelial layer around the blood vessel is broken, platelets are first to react. They are attracted by the tough fibers that surround the blood vessel. Platelets change their shape and clump onto the fiber forming some kind of plug that prevents bleeding.

Q4. The answer is A. It helps to heal cuts.
Blood clotting is also known as coagulation. It is a process during which blood elements (platelets and blood proteins) work together to form a clot. When a cut occurs, platelets activate and clump onto the tough fibers around broken blood vessel. Their activation, adhesion and aggregation is important for the formation of the clot which serves as a plug to a broken blood vessel and prevent bleeding.

Q5. The answer is C. vessel constriction, platelet plug formation, net formation by fibrin threads
After blood vessel is damaged, the first mechanism is vessel constriction. This happens in order to reduce the amount of blood flow through the damaged area and that way prevent greater blood loss. After that, platelet are attracted to fibers around the broken blood vessel, they aggregate and form a plug. As addition to this plug, fibrin is converted from fibrinogen. Formed fibrin thread now serves as a glue to the platelets a net-like structure is formed on the place of injury.

Q6. The answer is D. plasma.
Blood plasma is the main component of blood. It makes up 55% of the blood volume. The blood cells (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets) are suspended in the plasma. Blood plasma is liquid component of the blood and, hence, it is mostly made up of water (up to 95%) and proteins, electrolytes, glucose, hormones, and clotting factors.

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