This is a personification. An idiom would be something like a proverb while hyperbole would be exaggeration. A metaphor is when there's a meaning that's implied. Personification is when you give objects that don't behave like people, human traits. The raven in reality probably doesn't say anything, just croaks or whatever, but in the poem he keeps saying it because it's a poem.
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Answer:
C) a decreased focus on manufacturing
Explanation:
The shift from Jin to Song Dynasty between 1200 and 1450 led to an increase in population, a focus in agriculture and a decreased focus on manufacturing.
Claim the land for Spain, enslave the Indians then take their resources
The estates-general parliament.
Answer:
Europe was strongly encouraged by Senator Gerald P. Nye of North Dakota
