Protons: positive
neutrons: no charge
electrons: negative
Answer:
The correct answer would be b. because water provides electrons.
During the light reaction of the photosynthesis, the water is photolysed into high energy electrons, hydrogen ions, and oxygen.
The overall reaction can be written as:
2 H₂O + sunlight → 4 H⁺ + 4 e⁻ + O₂
It takes in water-splitting complex associated with photo-system II rooted in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplast.
The oxygen is released as the byproduct of photosynthesis.
The hydrogen ions help in the formation chemiosmotic potential across the thyllakoid membrane which help in the formation of ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
The electrons are used to replace the electrons lost from chlorophyll a of reaction centre associated with photo-system II. The electrons are lost due to the photo-excitation of chlorophyll a.
The electrons lost from chlorophyll a help in the production of ATP and are used to reduce NADP⁺ into NADPH.
The ATP and NADPH are used in light-independent reaction of the photosynthesis to produce glucose or food.
<span>Answer:The blood-brain
barrier (BHE)
BHE is a barrier that's highly permeability selective and protects
the central nervous system from potential dangers like viruses, bacteria and parasytes that may be circulating int he blood. <span>It is composed of endothelial cells, astrocytes, pericytes.</span></span>
Answer:
In an ecosystem, all organisms benefit in the process of transformation of energy.
Explanation:
An ecosystem works thanks to the constant transformation of energy. In the case of microorganisms that act as producers, they benefit the rest of the ecosystem in terms of energy transfer because they acquire the energy from a lowest trophic level to make it available for higher trophic levels.
In the case of the primary consumers, they are feeding from the primary producers, incorporating that energy to be part of the food chain. For example, bacteria in the soil are primary producer microorganisms; they transform organic material to make it available for small individuals. A soil worm is a primary consumer microorganism which will feed from this organic material transformed by the bacteria. The worm will then produce food and will be food for herbivores to continue with the flow of energy in the food chain.
