Guy de Maupassant's work are deemed naturalistic because his characters are usually the working class and they are often portrayed in a very harsh conditions of real life where misery is prevalent.
Majority of his themes are about war and German occupation. His stories focus more on women, especially those who are victims and prostitutes. A lot of his stories also focus of depression, paranoia, and madness usually resulting to death and destruction.
The changes and developments in Odysseus' character are an essential part of the story. All throughout his journey, he's presented with all kinds of adverse situations that lead him to adapt his personal qualities in order to overcome them and succeed.
We see this in the harm that pride causes getting in the way of his plan to surpass Polyphemus; after which he starts to become more resiliant and focused. Also in the hopelessness he felt trapped on Calypso's island; which after the escape injected him with a tremendous will-power that would lead him back home, as well as a renewed sense of pride in his own intelligence and abilities.
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If you are in a fire you shall go to your meeting place,if you have one.If you are on fire you shall stop drop and roll!!Hope this helps