Many of the runners ____ incredibly fast. The subject is "many" and many is plural. Has would be wrong because you need a linking verb (the predicate is an adjective) "Is" would be wrong because the subject is plural and "is" corresponds to a singular subject. "Was" is incorrect because "was" corresponds to a singular noun. Therefore "are" would be correct because it is a linking verb that corresponds to a plural noun.
Industrialisation created a huge demand for raw materials and led to the colonisation of Africa and Asia for these resources. Industrialisation and technological progress boosted European and American confidence, and national pride
