The 4th Amendment
The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution places limits on the power of the police to make arrests, search people and their property, and seize objects and contraband (such as illegal drugs or weapons). These limits are the bedrock of search-and-seizure law. This article covers basic issues you should know, beginning with an overview of the Fourth Amendment itself.
Answer:
<u>b. learning occurs independently of reinforcement</u>
Explanation:
Edward C. Tolman was one of the famous American psychologists who was best known for his research on 'cognitive maps', latent learning theory, cognitive behaviorism, and intervening variable.
According to Tolman, an individual has the capability of doing more than merely responding to certain stimuli, instead, he or she acts on attitudes, beliefs, strive towards specific goals, and a few changing conditions. He was considered as the only behaviorists who don't accept the "stimulus-response theory", as he believed that reinforcement wasn't required for learning.
In the question above, the correct answer is option-b.
During the medieval era, knights were some of the most respected people because they were the lords of the battlefield and the protectors of the land. So if you were a knight, then you were definitely a big shot. Now boys had to leave home to be trained as a knight because he had to study under a local lord and assist the local lord as a page. He had to dedicate all his time to study the basic skills that he would need in order for him to become a knight. This included combat, hunting, history, and many other things too.
