It means that in the political world, when someone prominent is in power, they should answer for what they do, and also what they do not do to help out those around them and the ones that they are serving. By having transparency and not being corrupt this would make the political climate an easier place
You are supposed to connect a human rights issue in your novel to a current human rights issue in the US or other countries. For example; if your novel speaks about poverty then you can connect that to current poverty issues in the US.
Means that a person naturally thinks through situations using statistics or logical reasoning to think or make decisions
