I think it is the legislative branch <span />
The colonies were better off governing themselves without British influence.
Which is supreme, the state governments or the federal government?
McCulloch v. Maryland addressed the issue of Maryland taxing the National Bank.
In this case, the state of Maryland attempted to tax the National Bank. The representative of the Bank refused to pay the taxes. The Court sided with the Bank stating the Federal government had the right to have a bank under the "necessary and proper clause". Additionally the ruling stated that the Federal government has supremacy over the state.
I believe the answer is B. Europe
It was primarily the pursuit of gold that led not only Portugal but most other European nations to invest in expeditions to the New World, since the Spanish were so successful at bringing back vast amounts of gold to Europe.