The Sahel was the last area in the northern parts of Africa, where vegetation can survive and where people were living at the time. Following the Sahel to the North one can find the Sahara desert which is a natural barrier that no invading force could trespass.
The correct answer is Rome, Italy. This is because although the name comes from the 19th century, the road system was used as far as 2 BC, meaning that Rome was a great empire then and there is even a saying that all roads lead to Rome. Of course it's different nowadays, but at that point in time it connected those two cities, Chang'an and Rome.
M = Militarism, A = Alliances, I = Imperialism, and N = Nationalism.)
The correct answer is the committee on public information