C. European armies destroyed African villages and crops to prevent their enemies from accessing supplies.
The Holy Land was Jerusalem.
The Crusades were a series of 8 wars fought for dominance over Jerusalem.
Causes:
1. The Byzantine Emperor needed help against invaders.
2. Retake Jerusalem.
3. Conquer more land.
A) ancient writing, and now I have to write more so brainly can let me post this answer
You are welcome