This depends entirely on the federal position in question, but an example of an analogous position would the position of the state legislature as contrasted with the Congress.
Presidential power an extend beyond the Constitution when it is best for the nation
They were shocked because the Mexican Military had more weapons than them and had more forces too.
Nominating conventions related to politics because at nominating conventions political parties seek to decide who they will nominate to run in different elections. Nomination conventions are often times the place where the parties formally announce the nomination of a candidate who has been chosen by a caucus or electoral process either in a state or nationally.