There are four terrestrial planets in the Solar System, these plants being Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. These are also the four closest planets to the Sun, as well as being the four smallest planets.
There are multiple characteristics that set apart the terrestrial planets from the jovian planets:
solid surface; all these planets have surface layer that is solid, made out of several different types of rocks.
heavier elements; these planets are made out of heavier elements, such as nickel and iron.
formation; the formation of these planets has been possible because the heavier elements stuck closer to the Sun because of this gravitational pull, while the lighter elements managed to escape further away and form the jovian planets.
size; the terrestrial planets are very small. When compared to the jovian planets, they are significantly smaller, being dwarfed by them.
The planet that is located near the sun have a solid terrestrial land masses as compared to the planets that are located away from the sun are gas giants and have far more gas composition than the planets in the inner system and are of low density but have an iron core.
