Otto Von Bismarck envisioned a unified Germany that was ruled by A. a monarch.
Answer: please redo this question. Its hard to understand
Explanation:
Answer:
The social motives for the 1095 Crusades was tin spiritual reward of indulgence, or the forgiveness of sins.
Explanation: Earthly rewards were forgiveness of debts, and freedom from taxes including fame and power politically. Not only did the Crusaders fight for the Holy Land, they also fought to consume power in the Church of Europe.
Answer: Martin Luther, Jean Calvin, Henry VIII.
Explanation:
The Reformation is a movement that was launched in Europe during the 16th century. It is a movement whose effort is to contribute to spiritual and structural changes in the church's institution.
Martin Luther is the initiator of the whole idea. He knew the church's situation very well and decided to oppose the enrichment of church people and the passionate life. Luther was most opposed to the sale of indulgences or forgiveness of sins. Luther is considered the originator of the idea of the Reformation.
Jean Calvin was a French theologian and jurist. He is a person who has dedicated a good part of his life to science and study. He wrote several parts and left the Roman Catholic Church around 1533 because, as he stated, he needed to return the full teaching to the original Catholic dogmas.
Henry VIII was not a reformer and theologian, he was an English king, but he is important for the story about the Reformation in that country. He did not separate the Church of England from the Vatican because of religious beliefs but economic ones. In this way, he refused to submit the Church of England to the Vatican, avoided paying certain levies to the Pope and placed the Church of England under national auspices.
