The answer is- Division of a place or country into several small political units, often unfriendly to one another. The term balkanization comes from the name of the Balkan Peninsula, which was divided into several small nations in the early twentieth century.
Social Security Act was the law that was signed by President Franklin Roosevelt in the year 1935 and it was a New Deal Program that covered all the points mentioned in the question. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is option "B".
B. The Great Awakening
This was a was a series of religious revivals that swept over the American colonies that were led by evangelical Protestant ministers. It broke the monopoly of the Puritan church as colonists began pursuing diverse religious affiliations and interpreting the Bible for themselves.
The statement is incorrect. Martin Luther King Jr was arrested for participating in the Birmingham campaign, among other people. This is when he wrote his famous letter from Birmingham jail. The person who was arrested for refusing to give up their seat was Rosa Parks, and this was in 1955, which is 8 years before the mentioned year.
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