A person or group besides the two primarily involved in a situation, especially a dispute.
The commanding general and his troops were overly confident of victory and took foolhardy chances in battle
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The believed in the equality of all people and wanted to replace competition with coordination in the industry.
Political parties- Tories and Whigs, Tories were more aristocratic while Whigs chose parliament over crown and more religious toleration
The Cabinet- it was a handful of parliamentary advisers who set policy
The office of the prime minister- leader of the majority in Parliament, later became chief official of British