<span>Eleven of the republics of the former Soviet Union are members of the commonwealth of independent states. The Commonwealth of Independent States was created when the Soviet Union dissolved and became Russia in 1991. Originally, it included ten of the former republics: Armenia, Kazakhstan, Molova, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Russia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan Taiikistan, and Ukraine.</span>
Robert Alain was the first to do that. Back in 1973 he was the one who figured everything out..Basically what we have as of now
You have to do all of them for the reward
Refuting counterclaims refer to a part of an argumentative essay or research paper where the writer comes across a contradicting points of view.
Explanation:
The answer to the above question is (c) prevents a writer from plagiarizing the sources that support a claim.
The term Refutation means opposing an argument
For example, if my claim is that fishes make better pets than tortoise, then my paper should also try and refute the counter claim made by tortoise owners who argue tortoise make better pets than Fishes