western schism was a splitt in the Catholic church between 1378 and 1417 while the victory of Charles Martel in the battle of tours was the victory of Christians over Spanish moors which stopped Muslim advances to Eastern Europe.
Explanation
Western schism occurred due to the conflicts in the Catholic church and two men simulatneously claimed to be the pope.The rivalry defamed the Catholic church and came to an end in 1418.
Battle of tours was much different from western schism because it was not a conflict within a religious authority but a conflict between two kingdoms.
I think its B. congress collected taxes directly from each state's representative. the representative gathered the taxes from the citizens in the state.
The Calhoun doctrine shows that Calhoun wanted states to have the right to nullify national laws
what are the answer choices ? Explanation:
The kingdom was rich in gold and other minerals such as iron, following the decline of Meroe.In addition, the kingdom naval power necessitated it to offer ferry services for goods to and from Rome and India. the kingdom more also had a very good harbor at Idris.
B .international trade along the east africa coast led to intermarriages,introduction of new products,money economy,architecture and rise of new people such as the Swahili
