"Specialized" organelles or parts means that these parts have been modified to carry out a specific function that is unique to them.
Organelles are literally "little organs" and each of them in the cell has a specific and distinct function.
For example the nucleus is an organelle. It is arguably the most important organelle in the cell. Its specific overall function is that it acts as the cell control center, directing the activities of all the other organelles .i.e. what they need do and when to do it.
The nucleus also contains all of the cell's genetic material (DNA).
The question is incomplete. The complete question is as follows:
Functions of astrocytes include all of the following, except
A) performing repairs in damaged neural tissue.
B) guiding neuron development.
C) functioning in action potential transmission.
D) maintaining the blood-brain barrier.
E) creating a three-dimensional framework for the CNS.
Answer:
Functioning in action potential transmission.
Explanation:
Astrocytes may be defined as the glial type star shaped cells present in the central nervous system. They envelope the synapse and can function with millions of neuron at a time.
Astrocytes are involved in the structural support in the brain and can repair the damaged and wear nerves tissue. Their main function is acting as blood brain barrier. The action potential transmission is mainly done by neurons and not by the astrocytes cells.
Thus, the correct answer is option (c).
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In a sensory pathway, third-order neurons run from the thalamus to the sensory cerebral cortex.
Thalamus is a gray matter located in the center of the brain. It is the main center for the processing of all the signals that are transmitted to the different parts of the body. However, the thalamus does not control the signals in response to smell.
The cerebral cortex is the outermost layer of the brain. It is responsible for the processing of functions like language, thinking, reasoning, decision-making, etc. There are three functional areas: motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
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