The Indians were tired of the British mutiny that is caused. The Indians attempted to escape but failed on many attempts. British rule over the indians lasted from 1857-58
The first main reason was most of the market was based solely on credit, which was stock that was purchased without actual cash, but purchased on credit.
The second factor was the massive pull out by many investors due to a panic that caused the Banks to attempt to purchase these stocks leading to a complete collapse in the market.
Samoa was a stopping point for the US Merchants.
The American West was indeed a land of great opportunity from 1865 to 1900 in the sense that there was an abundance of land and resources available to all those willing to go west.