Answer:
Explanation:
Australopithecina or Hominina is a subtribe in the tribe Hominini. The members of the subtribe are generally Australopithecus (cladistically including the genera Homo, Paranthropus,[2] and Kenyanthropus), and it typically includes the earlier Ardipithecus, Orrorin, Sahelanthropus, and Graecopithecus. All these related species are now sometimes collectively termed australopithecines or homininians.[3][4] They are the extinct, close relatives of humans and, with the extant genus Homo, comprise the human clade. Members of the human clade, i.e. the Hominini after the split from the chimpanzees, are now called Hominina[5] (see Hominidae; terms "hominids" and hominins).
While none of the groups normally directly assigned to this group survived, the australopithecines do not appear to be literally extinct (in the sense of having no living descendants) as the genera Kenyanthropus, Paranthropus and Homo probably emerged as sister of a late Australopithecus species such as A. africanus and/or A. sediba.
The terms australopithecine, et al., come from a former classification as members of a distinct subfamily, the Australopithecinae.[6] Members of Australopithecus are sometimes referred to as the "gracile australopithecines", while Paranthropus are called the "robust australopithecines".[7][8]
The australopithecines occurred in the Plio-Pleistocene era and were bipedal, and they were dentally similar to humans, but with a brain size not much larger than that of modern apes, with lesser encephalization than in the genus Homo.[9] Humans (genus Homo) may have descended from australopithecine ancestors and the genera Ardipithecus, Orrorin, Sahelanthropus, and Graecopithecus are the possible ancestors of the australopithecines.[8]
Answer:
The Biosphere
Explanation:
The biosphere is made up of all living organisms and is inextricably linked to the other three spheres: most live organisms need gases from the atmosphere, water from the hydrosphere, and nutrients and minerals from the geosphere.
A refute hypothesis is a hypothesis that has been refused, not accepted.
When a hypothesis is refused, the scientists that proposed it will try to correct it or to create a similar more applicable one, and that is how new investigations could occur in this case.
Hope it helped,
BioTeacher101
Answer:
D. In an ocean heated by volcanic activity
Explanation:
Most of Earth was covered in water, early organisms weren't evolved enough to walk on land at the time. There are some organisms that feed off of volcanic activity and use it as an energy resource and would adapt to the heat.
<em>"Hot spots create volcanoes on the seafloor. If these volcanoes rise above sea level to become islands, and if they occur in tropical waters, coral reefs will form on them. Since the volcanoes are cones, the reef forms in a circle around the volcano."</em>
<em>-</em><u>https://courses.lumenlearning.com/earthscience/chapter/ocean-organisms/</u>
<em>"Discovered only in 1977, hydrothermal vents are home to dozens of previously unknown species. Huge red-tipped tube worms, ghostly fish, strange shrimp with eyes on their backs and other unique species thrive in these extreme deep ocean ecosystems found near undersea volcanic chains."</em>
<em>-</em>https://ocean.si.edu/ocean-life/invertebrates/hydrothermal-vent-creatures
For patients with newly diagnosed high-grade gliomas , Cabozantinib at a dose of 40 mg daily with RT + TMZ and post-RT TMZ was generally well tolerated.
<h3>How would you define diagnosed?</h3>
The procedure of determining a diagnosis, disease, or injury based on its indications and symptoms. To aid in the diagnosis, testing like blood tests, imaging tests, and biopsies may be done in addition to a physical examination and health history.
<h3>How do doctors make their diagnosed?</h3>
A doctor or other healthcare professional often makes a diagnosis after a physical examination and a thorough review of the patient's medical history. The next step is to prescribe tests and other diagnostic procedures to identify the underlying disease or injury that is causing the symptoms.
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