It’s d!! i have just done this question a couple hours ago and it was correct! :D
ANSWER:
C. United States is the answer.
Regardless, religion was always the primary trigger for a crusade. Though religion always played a part, the perceived threat to the church evolved. The first Crusade focused solely on ridding the Holy Land of Muslim forces. The popes began to use crusades to combat any perceived threat against the Catholic Church.
Answer:
b. was the result of increased competition for open range.
Explanation: