The Islamic Golden Age is the era in the history of Islam, traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 13th century, during which much of the historically Islamic world was ruled by various caliphates, and science, economic development and cultural works flourished.
To combat the creation of NATO, the USSR (AKA Russia and multiple other nations) banded together with its communist counterparts and signed a pact in Warsaw, hence the alliance's name, "Warsaw Pact."
They have wondered many things. The one that has received the most attention would actually be to parts: Why are we here? and What is our purpose? Why are here? Do we have a purpose? What is that purpose? This is the basis for many religions: to explain these questions. Science has also since stepped in to answers these questions. This is also the basis for the many arguments between religion and science.