The correct answer is B. Civil rights guarantee equal treatment under the law for all citizens
They are not exactly the same and they certainly cannot list all non-criminal behavior since there are so many things that can be done and are not crime, yet seem like it. Liberties don't state what cannot be done.
Government officials have most of the power, there can be too much demand from the prople
The economy you described in your question is called a market economy. It has free markets and the production of goods and services are determined by the consumers.
During the American Revolution, American society was divided between two groups. One group wanted to revolt against the British and become independent. Another group, known as loyalists, wanted to remain under the control of Great Britain.
With this in mind, it is easy to understand the fact that a loyalist would try to sabotage any efforts by the American colonists to break free from Great Britain. Along with this, loyalists would share inside information with the British military so that they would be aware of the rebels plans.
Do you mean Alexander Hamilton? He was in the 1800s.