Hello from MrBillDoesMath!
Answer:
The roots are real and rational when b^2+4ac > 0
Discussion:
I suspect the quadratic equation you meant was
ax^2 + bx = c (*)
Note: the equation in the Question contains only "b", not "bx.
Rewriting (*) as
ax^2 + bx + (-c) = 0
and using the quadratic equation gives
x = ( -b +\- sqrt(b^2-4a(-c) ) /(2a)
= ( -b +\- sqrt(b^2 +4ac) )/(2a)
So the roots (values of x) are real and rational when b^2+4ac > 0 (in this case sqrt(b^2 +4ac) is a real number)
Thank you,
MrB