According to a different source, the essay this question refers to is the essay "If Black English Isn't a Language, Then Tell Me, What Is?” by James Baldwin.
In this essay, Baldwin discusses the way of speaking that Black people have developed in America, and he suggests that this should be considered a language in its own right. These are three statements that reflect the main points of Baldwin's text:
1. Black English is not considered a language because Black people in America are ignored and considered to be less important than white people:
<em>"The brutal truth is that the bulk of white people in American never had any interest in educating black people, except as this could serve white purposes. It is not the black child's language that is in question, it is not his language that is despised: It is his experience."</em>
2. People who speak the same language can usually understand each other, but they will sound different enough for people to assume that they come from somewhere else and that they have had different experiences in life:
<em>"A Frenchman living in Paris speaks a subtly and crucially different language from that of the man living in Marseilles; neither sounds very much like a man living in Quebec; and they would all have great difficulty in apprehending what the man from Guadeloupe, or Martinique, is saying, to say nothing of the man from Senegal--although the "common" language of all these areas is French."</em>
3. Language is not neutral. It can be used as a political tool:
<em>"It goes without saying, then, that language is also a political instrument, means, and proof of power."</em>
