Explanation:
I'm pretty sure it is answer choice number 1
I believe that the direct effect of the passage of the Seventeenth Amendment is that it improved representation of the people, because now they were able to directly choose Senators, which made the whole voting process a lot democratic.
the Holy Land refers to the area located between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River, especially the area surrounding Jerusalem. The term refers to the fact that this region contains sites of religious significance in Judaism, Christianity, Islam and Bahá'í.
B. Do they could protect their interests from larger states.