As a result of Shay's Rebellion and the Pennsylvania Mutiny, the Congress started to fear about the spread of future rebellions and anarchy in the country.
The Treaty of Paris (1783) ended the War of Independence and recognized the constitution of the Thirteen Colonies as the United States of America, but with an unstable governmental structure. The Second Continental Congress had drafted the Articles of Confederation in 1777, describing a permanent Confederation, but granting the Congress of the Confederation (the only federal institution) little power to finance itself or to ensure compliance with its resolutions. In part, this reflected the anti-monarchical vision of the revolutionary period and the new American system was explicitly designed to prevent the rise of an American tyrant to replace the British monarch.
But these rebellions exposed the lack of capacity of this new system of government, which was unable to control this type of violent situations. The Articles of the Confederation began to be seen as insufficient, so the Constitution was drafted by the Congress, which established the figure of the President of the United States as head of the executive branch.
In this way, retired General George Washington returned to public life, which led to his two terms as the first president of the United States.
