I suppose it's D and also B, with the addition that transcendentalists believed in God as existing in the inner self from where knowledge comes. Romanticism seek for knowledge outside the self, looking up the Universe.
The lozenge and the wafers were the two important things Oliver Chase invented.
He was using his body language and gesticulation to make a digresion and push the speach in a new direction for a brief amount of time. Digresion is commonly used in public speaking when one is giving and example, introducing new topic, bringin a guest in, and so on.