It is ironic because typically, party throwers are not lonely, yet Gatsby throws them <em>because </em>he is lonely, because he wants to attract Daisy to make him lonely no-more! The other cases are not necessarily ironic, at least not the way in which they are described. Perhaps more explanation would make them ironic, but as they are now, D seems to be the best choice.
The classification systems of both Aristotle and Linnaeus started with the same two groups: Plants and Animals. Linnaeus called these groups, kingdoms.
They both focused on reforestation and land restoration. They were both government-run construction programs. They both provided government support for labor unions.