1. The right answer is C.
2. The right answer is A.
(Both answers has the same explanation, since it is approximately the same question).
Three forms of energy come into play in the functioning of an ecosystem:
* the electromagnetic radiation of short-wavelength (light),
* the electromagnetic radiation of long-wavelength (infrared: heat),
* chemical energy (in the form of organic molecules: sugars, etc.).
The conversion of light energy into chemical energy takes place in plants: it's photosynthesis.
