The artworks from Africa, China, and the Islamic world influence artists and patrons of the Renaissance Europe in a way that u<span>ntil European artists figured out the secret to making Chinese porcelain, they used the Islamic technique of adding white glaze over clay and adding decoration. Hope this helps.</span>
3. Dynamics indicates the loudness or softness of music.
4. A decrescendo is used to indicate that the music should gradually become softer.
12. The dot after a note increases its value by half of its original value
13. Allegro is a commonly used tempo marking, indicating to move at a brisk tempo.
Sorry I don't know all of the answers, hope this helps!
Formalism would be the answer!
