George Washington called the Congress under the Articles of Confederation a "shadow without substance" because under the Articles of Confederation the Congress was given very limited powers. The Articles of Confederation gave most of the power to states and did not give much power to the national government. Therefore although it created national bodies like Congress they were just a shadow because they had very limited powers and not much of an ability to institute any real policies.
Answer:
gold and ivory
Explanation:
Europeans acquired more than the slaves, purchasing other African commodities, notably precious items – gold, ivory –
Jews are a dead given, Hitler believed the Jews were bad people. Homosexuals weren't their main priority but they would arrest you sometimes even kill you for it.
Rationing -since many people were working in the war effort, less people could focus on farming, so there were many shortages.
war bonds - those were used to finance the war effort
women taking over many of men's jobs, such as in factories - this later led to female suffrage.