The dust bowl was from 1930-1936. It is an area of land that has been lost and reduced to dust. Specifically this is talking about Oklahoma, Kansas, and northern Texas where soil erosion caused bad wind storms causing people to move.
Explanation: A hyperbole is an extreme exaggeration. What this sentence really means is that he said it a lot, he did not actually say ”I don’t like it here.” 100 times.