The opening of channels that let positive ions flow out of the cell (or negative ions flow in) can cause hyperpolarization. Examples: Opening of channels that let
+
K
+
K, start superscript, plus, end superscript out of the cell or
−
Cl
−
C, l, start superscript, minus, end superscript into the cell.
The opening of channels that let positive ions flow into the cell can cause depolarization. Example: Opening of channels that let
+
Na
+
N, a, start superscript, plus, end superscript into the cell.
The opening and closing of these channels may depend on the binding of signaling molecules such as neurotransmitters (ligand-gated ion channels), or on the voltage across the membrane (voltage-gated ion channels).
The answer is vacuole. Cells remove wastes via vacuoles and lysosomes
Because they have different Cones. Which simply means that some animals see certain types of colors or even Infrared or Ultraviolet, in which Humans cannot see.
The correct answer to this question would be the nephron. The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney. It is where the blood, water, wastes that are in the form of fluid, and other dissolved substance (small enough to pass through the kidney) is sent out and to be excreted.
