Question

how does this excerpt from the end of the story show that odysseus has changed in the course of his adventure

Answer 1

The correct answer is that he values home and family more than personal glory.
As you can see in the excerpt, Odysseys is weeping for his wife whom he loves and whom he hasn't seen in many many years. He cannot wait to go back to Ithaca to finally see his wife and son and be reunited with his family. This is different from the beginning of the story when he set out to become famous.